1832
- Maria Stewart, an African American woman, gave the first known public speech by a woman about abolitionism and women’s rights in Boston, Massachusetts.
1848
- On July 19 to 20 - 300 people attended The First Convention to Discuss the Civil and Political Rights of Women in Seneca Falls, New York and the attendees issued the Declaration of Sentiments
- The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ended the Mexican-American War, extending U.S. citizenship to Mexicans living in the newly acquired territories, unless they specifically declared their intention to remain Mexicans.
1850
- Virginia and North Carolina were the last states to eliminate property requirements for voting (with the exception of those convicted of certain crimes in North Carolina).
1851
- Sojourner Truth, a preacher and former slave, gave a speech at a women's rights rally in Akron, Ohio, although not the "Ain't I a Woman" falsely attributed to her.
1857
- October 13, 1857 - The Constitution of the State of Minnesota was ratified by the residents of the Minnesota Territory in a special election - 30,055 for acceptance and 571 for rejection.
- The Supreme Court ruled in Dred Scott v. Sandford that black people, free or slave, were not be citizens of the Unites States.
1858
- Mary Jackman Colburn, MD gave the "Rights and Wrongs of Woman" lecture in Champlin, the first public lecture on women’s rights in Minnesota.
- May 11, 1858 - State of Minnesota admitted into the Union.
1860
- Jane Grey Swisshelm, a St. Cloud journalist, became the first woman to present to the Minnesota House of Representative on “Women and Politics.”
1860
- Five states (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Rhode Island and Massachusetts) allowed free black people to vote.
1861
- February 1861 - Seven southern states (South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana and Texas) seceded from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America, electing Jefferson Davis as President
- April 12, 1861 - Civil War begins and soon after Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee and Arkansas join the Confederacy.
1863
- Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation freeing enslaved people but only in states that had seceded from the United States.
1865
- April 9, 1865 - General Robert E. Lee surrendered his Confederate Army of Northern Virginia to Union Gen. Ulysses S. Grant
- June 19, 1865 - Juneteenth - Union General Gordon Granger and his regiment arrived in Galveston, Texas to inform Texans that the Civil War had ended and all enslaved persons were now free.
- November 1865 - A proposed amendment to the Minnesota Constitution extending suffrage to all men was defeated by popular vote - 14,651 people against and 12,135 in favor of the amendment
- December 6, 1865 - The 13th Amendment abolishing slavery in the United States was ratified
- A Petition for Universal Suffrage 1895, signed by Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucy Stone, among others, was delivered to Congress.
1866
- January 11, 1866 - Representative Anson R. Hayden presented the first known petition for woman suffrage in the Minnesota House of Representatives for Eva J. Spaulding and others but it made little progress beyond its referral to the joint committee on amendments to the constitution.
- April 2, 1866 - President Andrew Johnson declared that the insurrection that had existed in Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Tennessee, Alabama, Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi, Florida, and Virginia, was at an end. The one exception was Texas.
- August 20, 1866 - President Andrew Johnson issued a proclamation announcing the end of the American Civil War, 16 months after General Lee's surrender
- At the 11th National Women's Rights Convention, the first since the start of the Civil War, was held in New York City. Lucretia Mott presided over a merger between suffragists and the American Anti-Slavery Association, creating the American Equal Rights Association (AERA) to “secure Equal Rights to all American citizens, especially the right of suffrage, irrespective of race, color, or sex.”.
1867
- A second proposed amendment to the Minnesota Constitution extending suffrage to all men was narrowly defeated by popular vote - 28,794 against the amendment and 27,479 for it.
- The 1867 Reconstruction Act required the 10 former Confederate states to adopt constitutions guaranteeing suffrage to African American men
- Territorial Suffrage Act granted suffrage to African American men in the territories
1868
- Representative Alpheus B. Colton, on behalf of Mary A. Graves, presented a woman suffrage petition with more than 350 signatures to the Minnesota House of Representatives Election Committee.
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Minnesota male voters approved a Minnesota Constitutional Amendment, by a margin of 56.7 percent to 43.3 percent, extending suffrage to black men, Indian men, and mixed-blooded males over the age of 21.
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Womans Suffrage Club of Minneapolis (later the called the Political Equality Club of Minneapolis) established
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July 9, 1868 - 14th Amendment to the US Constitution granting citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,” which included former slaves, was ratified
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John W. Menard, a Black man, was elected to Congress from Louisiana but barred from taking his seat by white members of Congress.
1869
- Mary Jackman Colburn formed a suffragist society in Champlin and Sarah Burger Stearns formed a suffragist society of 50 women in Rochester, Minnesota's first two suffragist societies.
- A petition with 605 signatures seeking women’s suffrage the Minnesota House of Representatives was the first suffrage petition to actually become a bill - House File 91 - the first bill supporting women’s rights in the state of Minnesota.
- February 26, 1869 - Congress passed the 15th Amendment
- May 15, 1869 - The American Equal Rights Association disbanded, splitting into two groups - the National Woman Suffrage Association and the American Woman Suffrage Association - after the 15th Amendment was passed.
- May 15, 1969 - The National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) founded in New York by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony on
- NWSA was a female lead organization which advocated for a constitutional amendment to secure the vote for women, supported a variety of reforms that aimed to make women equal members of society and opposed the Fifteenth Amendment due to its failure to include women.
- Sarah Burger Stearns, who had moved to Duluth, was one of the founding vice presidents.
- Constitution of NWSA
- The American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA) founded in Boston by Lucy Stone, Henry Brown Blackwell, and Julia Ward Howe.
- AWSA focused solely on the vote to attract as many supporters as possible. AWSA included male leaders, pursued a state-by-state strategy and supported the Fifteenth Amendment.
- December 10, 1869 - Women in Wyoming Territory become the first in the US to be granted full suffrage.
- Indians and people of color in Massachusetts were granted citizenship in the Commonwealth and entitled to all the rights, privileges and immunities of a citizen.
1870
- February 3, 1870 - The 15th Amendment, granting African American men the right to vote, was ratified.
- March 9, 1870 - Minnesota Governor Horace Austin vetoed a constitutional amendment bill which extended suffrage to all citizens, male and female, aged 21 and over, as well as immigrants and Native Americans, who agreed to live by US laws and customs, including the adoption of the English language.
- Governor Austin believed the bill to be unconstitutional as the bill also stated that both men and women who met all necessary qualifications would be permitted to vote on the amendment, although women's votes would be placed in "separate and distinct ballot boxes."
- The Utah Territorial Legislature approved full suffrage for women
- The Naturalization Act excluded Chinese men from citizenship and voting. It also prohibited the wives of Chinese laborers from entering the United States
1871
- The Anti-Suffrage Party was founded. More on anti-suffragism
1872
- Almira W. Anthony (whose husband was a cousin of Susan B. Anthony), Mary Powell Wheeler and Hattie M. White formed a suffragist society in Kasson, Minnesota.
- On November 5, 1872, Susan B Anthony and 7 other women voted in Rochester, New York in the Presidential Election
- Sojourner Truth also tried to vote but was refused a ballot in Battle Creek, Michigan
- On November 18, 1872, Susan B Anthony was arrested for illegal voting.
- She successfully used her arrest and trial to bring attention to woman's suffrage
1875
- The Minnesota Suffrage in School Affairs Amendment, also known as Amendment 2, authorized the Minnesota legislature to grant women suffrage in school affairs
- Susan B. Anthony proposed wording for a U.S. Constitutional Amendment
- “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.”
1876
- Mary Jackman Colburn elected school director of School District No. 4 in Champlin.
1877
- Minnesota male voters rejected a Minnesota Constitutional Amendment allowing women the right to vote on the “whiskey question.”
- Legislature allowed women to be admitted to the Bar Association
- Woman's Temperance Union (WCTU) of Minnesota founded
1878
- The Susan B. Anthony Amendment was first introduced to the US Congress introduced by Senator A.A. Sargeant of California.
- An 1878 Petition for Woman's Suffrage from African American citizens of Washington DC, including two of Frederick Douglas' children, was delivered to Congress.
1881
- The first state wide suffragist organization, the Minnesota Woman Suffrage Association (MWSA), an auxiliary of the American Woman Suffrage Association, was founded in Hastings by 14 women, including including Dr. Martha George Ripley (Minneapolis), Harriet Bishop (St Paul) , Sarah Stearns, Dr. Mary Colburn (Champlin) and Julia B. Nelson (Red Wing).
1882
- May 6, 1882 - The Chinese Exclusion Act suspended Chinese immigration and declared Chinese immigrants ineligible for naturalization
1883
- Helen E. Gallinger began editing a woman suffrage column in State Temperance Review,
- MWSA organizer L. May Wheeler formed committees for suffrage work in Anoka, Armstrong, Blakely, Brooklyn Center, Champlin, Frontenac, Long Prairie, Long Lake, and Wabasha.
- MWSA organizer L. May Wheeler formed Suffrage Societies in Wayzata, Farmington, Red Wing, Mantorille, Excelsior, Rochford, Lake City, Shakopee, and Jordan
- The Kasson Suffrage Society became an auxiliary of the Minnesota Woman Suffrage Association
- Women in the Washington territory were granted full voting rights
1884
- November 3, 1884 - The US Supreme Court ruled in Elk v. Wilkins that Native Americans had no claim to citizenship and could not vote.
1885
- October 13-14, 1885 - The American Suffrage Association (AWSA) held its seventeenth annual national convention at First Redeemer Church, Minneapolis. More Info
- The Woman’s Christian Temperance Union presented an 1885 Woman’s Christian Temperance Union Petition for Woman's Suffrage to Congress.
1887
- January 25, 1887 - The U.S. Senate took the first vote on woman suffrage, where it was defeated 34 to 16, with 25 members absent
1890
- On February 18, the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) was formed from a merger of National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) and American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA) with the single goal of obtaining the right to vote for women
- November 18-19, 1890 - the Minnesota Woman's Suffrage Association Annual Convention was held in St. Paul. Julie B. Nelson was elected president.
- The Indian Territory Naturalization Act required Native Americans to complete an application to gain US citizenship
1891
- Minnesota suffragists were successful in lobbying to raise the age of consent from age 10, to age 16, less than their goal of age 18.
- The Minnesota Woman's Suffrage Association Annual Convention was held in Blue Earth.
1992
- The Minnesota Woman's Suffrage Association Annual Convention was held in Hastings.
1893
- Minnesota Woman Suffrage Association (MWSA) made it first annual attempt to remove the word "male" from the state's voting requirements - the Minnesota Senate passed the bill but the bill was never voted on by the Minnesota House (Mar 16, 1893 Star Tribune article)
- August 24-25, 1893 - The Minnesota Woman's Suffrage Association Annual Convention was held in Hastings.
1894
- Women's Day was celebrated at the Minnesota State Fair with the State Fair paying for suffrage speakers. Minnesota Woman Suffrage Association (MWSA) began distributing suffragist material at a suffragist booths at the Minnesota State Fair, which they continued every year until passage of the 19th Amendment.
- September 10-11, 1894 - The Minnesota Woman's Suffrage Association Annual Convention was held in St. Paul.
1896
- Minnesota voters approved a Minnesota Constitutional Amendment removing the right to vote from non-Citizens who had filed a Declaration of Intent for citizenship
- Mary Church Terrell helped found the National Association of Colored Women (NACW) which provided Black women a national platform to advocate for woman suffrage and women’s rights causes.
- A new "grandfather clause" by Louisiana legislators disenfranchised African-American men
1897
- October - Equal Suffrage National Conference held at First Baptist Church in Minneapolis. Carrie Chapman Catt spoke at the Wesley M. E. Church, Minneapolis and the following night, Susan B. Anthony, national president, spoke.
- October - The Minnesota Woman's Suffrage Association Annual Convention was held in Minneapolis at the same time as the Equal Suffrage National Conference of national leaders
- The Woman Suffrage Club of Minneapolis changed its name to the Political Equality Club of Minneapolis to avoid name confusion with the Minnesota Woman Suffrage Association
- In Montana, a one-year residency requirement effectively disenfranchised those living on Indian reservations because the reservation was not considered part of the state
1898
- October 4-5, 1898 - The Minnesota Woman's Suffrage Association Annual Convention was held in Minneapolis, with Carrie Chatman Catt attending.
- The Minnesota Women Vote for Library Boards Constitutional Amendment, granting women the right to vote for and serve on library boards, was passed with 62 percent of the male public voting in favor.
- A Minnesota Amendment to the Constitution approved which made it more difficult to approve a Minnesota Constitutional Amendment. It required a majority of all voting in an election, not just the majority choosing to vote on the Amendment in question, in order to pass a constitutional amendment, effectively make it impossible to pass a full suffrage amendment.
- The Everywoman Suffrage Club for African American women was founded in Minnesota by 25 women, electing Nellie Griswold Francis as president.
- Mary Church Terrell, president of the National Association of Colored Women, spoke at the National American Woman Suffrage Association convention in Washington, D.C about "The Progress of Colored Women"
- The Supreme Court validated Mississippi's literacy test in Williams v. Mississippi
1899
- The Minnesota Woman's Suffrage Association Annual Convention was held in Albert Lea, with Carrie Chatman Catt attending.
- The Minnesota Woman's Suffrage Association held 98 suffragist meetings throughout the year.
- In Idaho, the right to vote excluded Native Americans who were not taxed, who had not severed their tribal relations and who had not adopted the "habits of civilization".